Church Heritage Record 607293

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Ennerdale: St Mary

Name:

This is the church’s legal name as given by the Church Commissioners.

Ennerdale: St Mary
Record Type:

A classification of the current status of the building

Church
Church code:

This is a unique identification number supplied to each church building by the Church Commissioners.

607293
Diocese:

Name of diocese in which the church building is located at the time of entry.

Carlisle
Archdeaconry:

Name of archdeaconry in which the church building is located at the time of entry

West cumberland
Parish:

This is the legal name of the parish as given by the Church Commissioners.

Lamplugh with Ennerdale

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Statutory Designation Information

Listed Building?

The decision to put a church building on the National Heritage List for England and assign it a listing grade is made by the Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport. The decision is normally based on recommendations made by Historic England, the government’s adviser on the historic environment.

This is not a Listed Building
Scheduled Monument?

The decision to schedule a feature (building, monument, archaeological remains, etc.) located within the church building’s precinct or churchyard is made by the Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport. The decision is based on recommendations made by Historic England, the government’s adviser on cultural heritage.

There is no Scheduled Monument within the curtilage or precinct

National Park

National Parks are areas of countryside that include villages and towns, which are protected because of their beautiful countryside, wildlife and cultural heritage. In England, National Parks are designated by Natural England, the government’s advisor on the natural environment.

The church is in the following National Park: Lake District National Park, now also a World Heritage Site

Conservation Area

Conservation areas are places of special architectural or historic interest where it is desirable to preserve and enhance the character and appearance of such areas. Conservation Areas are designated by the Local Council.

The church is not in a Conservation Area

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Heritage At Risk Status

On Heritage At Risk Register?

The Heritage at Risk programme is run and managed by Historic England, the government’s advisor on cultural heritage. It aims to protect and manage the historic environment, so that the number of ‘at risk’ historic places and sites across England are reduced.

This church is not on the Heritage at Risk Register
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Approximate Date

Approximate Date:

Selecting a single date for the construction of a church building can sometimes be very difficult as most CoE buildings have seen many phases of development over time. The CHR allows you to record a time period rather than a specific date.

The CHR records the time period for the building’s predominant fabric as opposed to the date of the earliest fabric or the church’s foundation date.

Victorian/Pre-WWI

Exterior Image

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Summary Description

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The church, (the southernmost of the three in the Parish), is located within the small pretty village of Ennerdale Bridge, close to a row of attractive old cottages and almost opposite the 'The Fox and Hounds' public house and within some 300 yards of 'The Gather' the community run shop and tea room. Historically the first crossing of the River Ehen is located here. The church is bounded on its north side by the River Ehen and on its west by the Rowland Beck. The village and two public houses are popular with walkers setting out on the Coast to Coast route. A late mediaeval chapel of ease was recorded on the current site in 1534 having been built by the St. Bees Abbey. The present church replaced the old chapel at the behest of the then vicar, William Dukes, in 1856, being completed and consecrated in 1858. The church, in Romanesque style, was designed by the architect, Charles Eaglesfield of Maryport , Cumberland. The old graveyard surrounding the church, has graves (including that of the Dukes family) dating from 1741 to 1900. The existing burial ground, south of the church, is situated across the narrow Church Lane. Over the Romanesque style entrance porch and chancel arch is 'dog tooth' carving: a small section in each arch is believed by Pevsner in his Guide to be Norman and probably came from the replaced chapel and originally before that from St Bees' Monastery. The nave and chancel lead into an apsidal east end. The unusual circular turret is slightly incongruous but distinctive. The three stained glass windows in the apse are Edwardian. The single pre-Reformation bell bears the inscription "Santa Bega ora pro nobis." (St. Bega, an Irish abbess, founded a nunnery at St Bees around the middle of the 7th. century which was destroyed by the Danes and re-established as a Benedictine monastery in the 12th. century to be dissolved in its turn in the late 1530's by order of Henry VIII.) It has been suggested that St. Mary's bell came from the monastery and a reported examination by a well known bell historian, Ranald Clouston, in 1994 indicated that the 14 inches diameter bell was cast about 1400 by an unknown founder, possibly based in Whicham. The pre-Reformation font has been preserved as a plant holder, by the main doorway, ( together with another of a lesser age) and replaced inside by a modern oak font carved by a local craftsman. The church plate includes several venerable items, the oldest being a chalice of 1680. In 2005 a Community Room with a small kitchen was built as a mezzanine floor at the western end of the church (with a platform lift as an alternative to the stairs). WC facilities are located on the ground floor. The large folding windows of the Community Room open out to allow the area to be part of the main body of the church when the congregation is too numerous to be accommodated wholly in the nave, or on other occasions to act as a gallery for musical or speaking performances. This clever adaptation was designed by the architects, Day Cummins of Cockermouth. An Honours Board, which commemorates all those from the Parish who served in WWI, having been researched by the Lamplugh and District Heritage Society was erected by the Society in November 2018. In 1799 William Wordsworth and Coleridge visited Ennerdale and it is reputed that after talking to the then priest about the graves in the old churchyard, Wordsworth was inspired to write his epic poem 'The Brothers' in 1800. Whilst the Parish Chapel which then stood alone in a field "Girt round with a bare ring of mossy wall", has been replaced, it is tempting to speculate that the churchyard wall so evocatively described by Wordsworth is the same as that which still surrounds the existing churchyard. However Wordsworth's description of the nearby dramatic landscape near Ennerdale Water remains timeless. Given its history, its associations and its attractiveness both as a building and for its setting, it is surprising that the church is not yet listed. It has been previously suggested that further study may well rectify this omission and this should be explored.

Visiting and Facilities

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The church is open for worship.
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Church Website

Church Website:

www.holytrinitylyonsdown.org.uk

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Sources and Further Information

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CWGC (2016) Commonwealth War Graves Commission CWGC Unique File Reference Number: 2032 [Bibliography/Data]
Number of War Graves: 2
Church of England (2021) A Church Near You https://www.achurchnearyou.com/church/12458/ [Digital Archive/Index]
View information on worship and access at this church
ICBS (1817-1989) Incorporated Church Building Society Archive https://images.lambethpalacelibrary.org.uk/luna/servlet/detail/LPLIBLPL~34~34~100095~115239 [Archive/Graphic material]

Groundplan And Elevation

ICBS File Number - 05082

Coverage - 1857

Created by ?EAGLESFIELD, Charles of Maryport

ICBS (1817-1989) Incorporated Church Building Society Archive https://images.lambethpalacelibrary.org.uk/luna/servlet/detail/LPLIBLPL~34~34~100104~115240 [Archive/Graphic material]

Groundplan

ICBS File Number - 05082

Coverage - 1856-1858

Created by ?EAGLESFIELD, Charles of Maryport

Church Buildings Council (2019) Church Bells 2 Bells [Archive/Index]
2 Bells

If you notice any errors with the below outlines of your connected churchyards, please email heritageonline@churchofengland.org with the corrections needed.

This could include information on new churchyards, edits to the boundaries shown, or different land characteristics. 

We are working on adding the consecrated land found within local authority cemeteries, and in time, this data will be shown on the map.

Grid Reference: NY 068 158

To zoom into an area hold the SHIFT key down then click and drag a rectangle.

Administrative Area

County:

The administrative area within which the church is located.

Cumbria County

Location and Setting

This field describes the setting of the church building, i.e. the surroundings in which the church building is experienced, and whether or not it makes a positive or negative contribution to the significance of the building.

Situated in the village, and is always open during daylight hours for visitors. The southernmost church of the 3 churches in the Parish; approximately 1.5 miles south of The Mission at Kirkland and 3.75 miles south of St. Michael's and All Angels at Lamplugh. The A5086 is met at Cleator Moor some 2.75 miles to the south-west.

Deanery: Calder, Benefice: Lamplugh with Ennerdale

Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty: No but is within World Heritage Site

Carlisle Diocese Code: 4300A

Church Plan

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Ground Plan Description and Dimensions

Ground Plan

Provide as written description of the ground plan of the church building and well as its dimensions.

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Dimensions

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Footprint of Church buildings (m2):

Small (<199m2)

Medium (200-599m2)

Large (600m-999m2)

Very Large (>1000m2)

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Description of Archaeology and History

This field aims to record the archaeological potential of the wider area around the building and churchyard, as well as the history of site.

Previous late mediaeval chapel on site.

Exterior Description

This field aims to record a written description of the exterior of the church building and the churchyard.

Two graves are identified by the War Graves Commission. Both lie in the burial ground across the lane from the church and old churchyard. The WWI grave is a private family grave in which Pte. H. Brown, aged 18 (25.7.1916) is interred (Died of wounds.) His brother W. Brown, aged 20 (14.12.1915) is also commemorated. The other is a standard WWII War Commission grave: E.D. Macdonald, aged 21 (26.4.1944). Unlike Henry and William Brown whose names are inscribed on both the War Memorials at St. Mary's and St. Michael's at Lamplugh, Sergeant Macdonald is not mentioned on either one.

War memorial, south of the church in the existing burial ground across the lane. It is situated close to the gate into the burial ground (opposite the entrance to the church), and is between the two recognised war graves; inscribed with 7 names from WWI (two of whom are found on the family/war grave noted above) and 3 names from WWII. There are several mature trees in the churchyard surrounding the church including two fine beech trees; another mature beech tree is located approximately mid-way along the southern boundary of the existing burial ground.

Architects, Artists and Associated People/Organisations

Missing help text - to be added by an administrator
Who:
Day Cummins Ltd
Role:
Architect / Surveyor ICM55
From:
To:
02 May 2023
Contribution:
Who:
John Barnes
Role:
Architect / Surveyor ICM55
From:
To:
Contribution:
Who:
John Barnes
Role:
Architect / Surveyor ICM55
From:
02 May 2023
To:
Contribution:

Building Fabric and Features

This field is an index of the building and its major components

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Building Materials

This field is an index of the building’s material composition

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Interior Image

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Interior Description

This field aims to record a written description of the interior of the church building.

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Internal Fixtures and Fittings

This field is an index of the building’s internal, architectural components. This includes its internal spaces and those areas’ fixtures and fittings (building components which are securely fixed to the church or cathedral).

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Collapse Internal Fixtures and FittingsInternal Fixtures and Fittings
BELL (1 of 2)
BELL (Disused)

Portable Furnishings and Artworks

This field is an index of the building’s movable, non-fixed furnishings and artworks.

Work in progress - can you help?

If you notice any errors with the below outlines of your connected churchyards, please email heritageonline@churchofengland.org with the corrections needed.

This could include information on new churchyards, edits to the boundaries shown, or different land characteristics. 

We are working on adding the consecrated land found within local authority cemeteries, and in time, this data will be shown on the map.

Grid Reference: NY 068 158

To zoom into an area hold the SHIFT key down then click and drag a rectangle.

Ecology

This field aims to record a description of the ecology of the churchyard and surrounding setting.

The church and older churchyard/burial ground lie immediately south of the River Ehen which marks the western boundary of the National Park at this point. The second burial ground (separated from the church by a narrow road) is also within the National Park.

Cumbria Wildlife Trust survey (06/05/2009) found 39 plant species. For a full species list, use this link; https://www.dropbox.com/s/q6fpzbnt3rasvo4/Ennerdale%20St%20Mary.xlsx?dl=0

Ecological Designations

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The everyday wildlife of burial grounds means much to those who visit and cherish them but many burial grounds are so rich in wildlife that they should be designated and specially protected. Few have the legal protection of a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) or, in the case of local authority owned cemeteries, Local Nature Reserve. This makes it even more important that they are cared for and protected by the people looking after them.

Many have a non-statutory designation as a recognition of their importance. These non-statutory designations have a variety of names in different regions including Local Wildlife Site, County Wildlife Site, Site of Importance for Nature Conservation or Site of Nature Conservation Importance (Local Wildlife Site is the most common name). Their selection is based on records of the most important, distinctive and threatened species and habitats within a national, regional and local context. This makes them some of our most valuable wildlife areas.

For example, many burial grounds which are designated as Local Wildlife Sites contain species-rich meadow, rich in wildflowers, native grasses and grassland fungi managed by only occasional mowing plus raking. When this is the case, many animals may be present too, insects, birds, amphibians, reptiles and mammals. This type of grassland was once widespread and has been almost entirely lost from the UK with approximately 3% remaining, so burial grounds with species-rich meadow managed in this way are extremely important for wildlife.

These designations should be considered when planning management or change.

If you think that this or any other burial ground should be designated please contact Caring for God’s Acre (info@cfga.org.uk) to discuss. Many eligible sites have not yet received a designation and can be surveyed and then submitted for consideration.

There are no SSSIs within the curtilage of this Church.

There are no Local nature reserves within the curtilage of this Church.

There are no Local Wildlife sites within the curtilage of this Church.

Evidence of the Presence of Bats

This field aims to record any evidence of the presence of bats in the church building or churchyard.

The church has no evidence of bats

Burial and War Grave Information

This field records basic information about the presence of a churchyard and its use as a burial ground.

The church/building is consecrated.
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The churchyard has been used for burial.
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The churchyard is used for burial.
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The churchyard is not closed for burial.
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The churchyard has war graves.

National Heritage List for England Designations

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There are no Listed Buildings within the curtilage of this Church.

There are no Scheduled Monuments within the curtilage of this Church.

Ancient, Veteran & Notable Trees

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Churchyards are home to fantastic trees, in particular ancient and veteran trees which can be the oldest indication of a sacred space and be features of extraordinary individuality. The UK holds a globally important population of ancient and veteran yew trees of which three-quarters are found in the churchyards of England and Wales.

There are more than 1,000 ancient and veteran yews aged at least 500 years in these churchyards.

To put this in context, the only other part of western Europe with a known significant yew population is Normandy in northern France, where more than 100 ancient or veteran churchyard yews have been recorded.

Burial grounds may contain veteran and ancient trees of other species such as sweet chestnut or small-leaved lime which, whilst maybe not so old as the yews, are still important for wildlife and may be home to many other species.

Specialist advice is needed when managing these wonderful trees. For more information or to seek advice please contact Caring for God’s Acre, The Ancient Yew Group and The Woodland Trust.

If you know of an ancient or veteran tree in a burial ground that is not listed here please contact Caring for God’s Acre.

There are currently no Ancient, Veteran or Notable trees connected to this Church

Churchyard Structures

This field is an index of the churchyard’s components.

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Significance

Setting Significance Level:

Significance is the whole set of reasons why people value a church, whether as a place for worship and mission, as an historic building that is part of the national heritage, as a focus for the local community, as a familiar landmark or for any other reasons.

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Setting Significance Description:
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Has been the social centre of the village and surrounding farms for hundreds of years. Much visited by tourists to the Lake District and those on the Coast to Coast route, many of whom eat and/or stay in the nearby public house or at the second public house several hundred yards away across the bridge in the other part of the village. Was the inspiration for Wordsworth's epic poem 'The Brothers'. At least of regional importance
Fabric Significance Level:
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Fabric Significance Description:
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Built 1858
Interior Significance Level:
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Interior Significance Description:
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Liturgical- St. Mary's and its sister churches in the Parish are believed to be the first Anglican (Ecumenical) churches in the country to have a Methodist Minister/Vicar.
Community Significance Level:
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Community Significance Description:
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Recently constructed (2005) Community Room and WC. The former provides a welcoming space for the regular activities of some half dozen local groups, including Ennerdale Primary School and the Parish Council, it is also used as an election polling station. When the folding doors are open the room becomes a gallery, allowing, for example, musical and speaking performances. The kitchen facilitates various fund-raising activities.

Church Renewables

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Open the map of church renewable installations
Solar PV Panels:

This information forms part of the Shrinking the Footprint project.

No
Solar Thermal Panels:
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No
Bio Mass:
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No
Air Source Heat Pump:
Missing help text - to be added by an administrator
No
Ground Source Heat Pump:
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No
Wind Turbine:
Missing help text - to be added by an administrator
No
EV Car Charging:
Missing help text - to be added by an administrator
Unknown

Species Summary

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All of the species listed below have been recorded in close proximity to the Church . A few species which are particularly threatened and affected by disturbance may not be listed here because their exact location cannot be shared.

NOTE: Be aware that this dataset is growing, and the species totals may change once the National Biodiversity Network has added further records. Species may be present but not recorded and still await discovery.

CategoryTotal species recorded to date
TOTAL NUMBER OF SPECIES RECORDED 0
Total number of animal species 0
Total number of plant species 0
Total number of mammal species 0
Total number of birds 0
Total number of amphibian and reptile species 0
Total number of invertebrate species 0
Total number of fungi species 0
Total number of mosses and liverworts (bryophytes) 0
Total number of ferns 0
Total number of flowering plants 0
Total number of Gymnosperm and Ginkgo 0

Caring for God’s Acre is a conservation charity working to support groups and individuals to investigate, care for, and enjoy the wildlife and heritage treasures found within churchyards and other burial grounds. Look on their website for information and advice and please contact their staff directly. They can help you manage this churchyard for people and wildlife.

To learn more about all of the species recorded against this church, go to the Burial Ground Portal within the NBN Atlas. You can check the spread of records through the years, discovering what has been recorded and when, plus what discoveries might remain to be uncovered.

‘Seek Advice’ Species

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If any of the following species have been seen close to the Church, it is important to seek advice from an expert. You will need to know if they are present now, and to follow expert recommendations when planning works. All of these species have specific legal protection as a recognition of their rarity. All of them are rare or becoming increasingly endangered, so it is important to ensure that management and other works do not adversely affect them. In addition, there may be things you can do to help these special species. N.B. Swift and House Martin do not have specific legal protection but are included, as roof repair works often impact breeding swifts and house martins which is against the law.

This is not a complete list of protected species, there are many more, but these are ones that are more likely to be found. All wild birds, their nests and eggs are also protected by law, as are all bats and veteran trees. In a few cases, species are considered particularly prone to disturbance or destruction by people, so the exact location of where they were recorded is not publicly available but can be requested. These ‘blurred’ records are included here, and the accuracy is to 1km. This means that the species has been recorded in close proximity to the Church, or a maximum of 1km away from it. As these ‘blurred’ species are quite mobile, there is a strong likelihood that they can occur close to the Church. To learn about these special species, use the link provided for each species in the table below

One important species which is not included here is the Peregrine Falcon. This is protected and advice should be sought if peregrines are nesting on a church or cathedral. Peregrine records are ‘blurred’ to 10km, hence the decision not to include records here. Remember too that species not seriously threatened nationally may still be at risk in your region and be sensitive to works. You should check with local experts about this. You may also need to seek advice about invasive species, such as Japanese knotweed and aquatics colonising streams or pools, which can spread in churchyards.

N.B. If a species is not recorded this does not indicate absence. It is always good practice to survey.

No species data found for this record

Caring for God’s Acre can help and support you in looking after the biodiversity present in this special place. If you know that any of these species occur close to the Church and are not recorded here, please contact Caring for God’s Acre with details (info@cfga.org.uk).

To find out more about these and other species recorded against this Church, go to the Burial Ground Portal within the NBN Atlas.

The church was the centre of many people’s lives and remains a guide to their cares and concerns. Glimpses into those lives have often come down to us in the stories we heard as children or old photographs discovered in tattered shoe boxes. Perhaps your ancestors even made it into local legend following some fantastic event? You can choose to share those memories with others and record them for future generations on this Forum.

Tell us the story of this building through the lives of those who experienced it. Tell us why this church is important to you and your community.

Upload your photographs, share your videos, or compose your story below using a Facebook, Twitter, Google or Disqus account.

Refresh
WhoActionWhen
Morven AnsonAdded QI inspectionTue 02 May 2023 09:22:46
Morven AnsonCreated asset source linkTue 02 May 2023 09:22:46
Morven AnsonModified asset data - Modified the Standard Information (Faculty)Tue 02 May 2023 09:21:50
Morven AnsonModified asset dataTue 02 May 2023 09:21:13
Rosaleen LaneModified asset data - Modified the Ecology DescriptionThu 29 Oct 2020 13:18:05
Rosaleen LaneModified asset data - Modified the Location and Setting DescriptionThu 08 Oct 2020 15:44:07
Rosaleen LaneAdded an Architect, Artist or Associated Person/OrganisationMon 16 Mar 2020 16:50:11
Rosaleen LaneModified asset data - Modified the Significance descriptionFri 21 Feb 2020 11:55:56
Rosaleen LaneModified asset data - Modified the Exterior DescriptionFri 21 Feb 2020 11:54:48
Rosaleen LaneModified asset data - Modified the Burial and War Grave informationFri 21 Feb 2020 11:54:26
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