Church Heritage Record 607070

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Warwick-on-Eden: St Leonard

Name:

This is the church’s legal name as given by the Church Commissioners.

Warwick-on-Eden: St Leonard
Record Type:

A classification of the current status of the building

Closed Church
Church code:

This is a unique identification number supplied to each church building by the Church Commissioners.

607070
Diocese:

Name of diocese in which the church building is located at the time of entry.

Carlisle
Archdeaconry:

Name of archdeaconry in which the church building is located at the time of entry

Carlisle
Parish:

This is the legal name of the parish as given by the Church Commissioners.

Warwick

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Statutory Designation Information

Listed Building?

The decision to put a church building on the National Heritage List for England and assign it a listing grade is made by the Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport. The decision is normally based on recommendations made by Historic England, the government’s adviser on the historic environment.

This is a Grade II* Listed Building
View more information about this Listed Building on the National Heritage List for England web site
Scheduled Monument?

The decision to schedule a feature (building, monument, archaeological remains, etc.) located within the church building’s precinct or churchyard is made by the Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport. The decision is based on recommendations made by Historic England, the government’s adviser on cultural heritage.

There is no Scheduled Monument within the curtilage or precinct

National Park

National Parks are areas of countryside that include villages and towns, which are protected because of their beautiful countryside, wildlife and cultural heritage. In England, National Parks are designated by Natural England, the government’s advisor on the natural environment.

The church is not in a National Park

Conservation Area

Conservation areas are places of special architectural or historic interest where it is desirable to preserve and enhance the character and appearance of such areas. Conservation Areas are designated by the Local Council.

The church is in the following Conservation Area: Warwick-on-Eden

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Heritage At Risk Status

On Heritage At Risk Register?

The Heritage at Risk programme is run and managed by Historic England, the government’s advisor on cultural heritage. It aims to protect and manage the historic environment, so that the number of ‘at risk’ historic places and sites across England are reduced.

This church is not on the Heritage at Risk Register
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Approximate Date

Approximate Date:

Selecting a single date for the construction of a church building can sometimes be very difficult as most CoE buildings have seen many phases of development over time. The CHR allows you to record a time period rather than a specific date.

The CHR records the time period for the building’s predominant fabric as opposed to the date of the earliest fabric or the church’s foundation date.

Medieval

Exterior Image

Exterior image of 607070 Warwick St Leonard
Caption:

603242 

Exterior image of 607070 Warwick St Leonard
Description:

It seems to be the wrong photograph. Provided coordinates come up with another church on geograph.org.uk

Photograph of the south elevation of the church, taken from the south.
Year / Date:

2011, April 06

September 2014
Copyright:

Keltek Trust

Archbishops' Council
Originator:

Keltek Trust

Catherine Townsend

Summary Description

Missing help text - to be added by an administrator
This remarkable church is tucked away in fields behind a fine Georgian Sunday School. Its eye catching late Norman semicircular eastern apsidal sanctuary surrounded by thin pilaster strips surmounted by small rounded arches is a great rarity in England. The lancet windows are later, introducing light into the once mysterious early medieval space. Constructed during Henry I's period of burgeoning church expansion, it was probably a 2:1 ratio two cell building. Internally, the Norman presence is dominated by the magnificent western arch, probably the relocated chancel/tower arch that is supported by scalloped capitals that are decorated by corn motifs which match those in Carlisle Cathedral dating from c.1130. This coincides with first written records of a chapel at Warwick. The dressed red sandstone and graduated Westmorland slate building was altered in 1869 by R.J.Withers who raised the roof and introduced the barrel vaulted timber ceiling and J.H. Martindale who added the baptistery/west porch in 1910. Fine figurative stained glass windows introduce colour. In spite of later changes, St Leonard's lives up to Pevsner's accolade as being "the most memorable Norman village church in Cumberland".

Visiting and Facilities

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The church is closed for worship.
Date closed for worship: 30/04/2017
Work in progress - can you help?
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Church Website

Church Website:

www.holytrinitylyonsdown.org.uk

Work in progress - can you help?

Sources and Further Information

Missing help text - to be added by an administrator
Catherine Townsend (September 2014) Exterior image of 607070 Warwick St Leonard [Digital Archive/Graphic material]
Exterior image of 607070 Warwick St Leonard
Unknown (1869) Church plan of 607070 Warwick St Leonard [Digital Archive/Graphic material]
Church plan of 607070 Warwick St Leonard
Catherine Townsend (September 2014) Interior image of 607070 Warwick St Leonard [Digital Archive/Graphic material]
Interior image of 607070 Warwick St Leonard
CWGC (2016) Commonwealth War Graves Commission CWGC Unique File Reference Number: 3416 [Bibliography/Data]
Number of War Graves: 2
Church Buildings Council (2019) Church Bells 1 Bell [Archive/Index]
1 Bell

If you notice any errors with the below outlines of your connected churchyards, please email heritageonline@churchofengland.org with the corrections needed.

This could include information on new churchyards, edits to the boundaries shown, or different land characteristics. 

We are working on adding the consecrated land found within local authority cemeteries, and in time, this data will be shown on the map.

Grid Reference: NY 466 568

To zoom into an area hold the SHIFT key down then click and drag a rectangle.

Administrative Area

County:

The administrative area within which the church is located.

Cumbria County

Location and Setting

This field describes the setting of the church building, i.e. the surroundings in which the church building is experienced, and whether or not it makes a positive or negative contribution to the significance of the building.

This simple building is an ancient structure, thought to be from the 13th century, consisting of chancel, nave and tower (added 1825) with one bell. This remarkable church is tucked away in fields behind a fine Georgian Sunday School. Its eye catching late Norman semicircular eastern apsidal sanctuary surrounded by thin pilaster strips surmounted by small rounded arches is a great rarity in England. St Leonard’s lives up to Pevsner’s accolade as being ‘the most memorable Norman village church in Cumberland’.

The church is located behind the Memorial Hall in the village. If approaching from Brampton, take the A69 over the River Eden and up the hill. At the top of the hill turn right and follow the track up to the church.

Latitude: 54.903085
Longitude: -2.8834365

Deanery: Brampton, Benefice: Holme Eden and Wetheral with Warwick on Eden

Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty: No

Carlisle Diocese Code: 1450A

Church Plan

Church plan of 607070 Warwick St Leonard
Caption:
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Church plan of 607070 Warwick St Leonard
Description:
Missing help text - to be added by an administrator
A plan of the building, showing each part of the church.
Year / Date:
Missing help text - to be added by an administrator
1869
Copyright:
Missing help text - to be added by an administrator
ICBS
Originator:
Missing help text - to be added by an administrator
Unknown

Ground Plan Description and Dimensions

Ground Plan

Provide as written description of the ground plan of the church building and well as its dimensions.

W narthex with S porch, aisleless 3-bay nave, chancel with N vestry and apsidal E end. Kitchenette to N side of W narthex.

Dimensions

Missing help text - to be added by an administrator

Approx 21m long

Footprint of Church buildings (m2):

Small (<199m2)

Medium (200-599m2)

Large (600m-999m2)

Very Large (>1000m2)

212 m2

Description of Archaeology and History

This field aims to record the archaeological potential of the wider area around the building and churchyard, as well as the history of site.

To come

Exterior Description

This field aims to record a written description of the exterior of the church building and the churchyard.

To come

Architects, Artists and Associated People/Organisations

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Who:
John Barnes
Role:
Architect / Surveyor ICM55
From:
To:
Contribution:

Building Fabric and Features

This field is an index of the building and its major components

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Collapse Building Fabric and FeaturesBuilding Fabric and Features
CHANCEL (12th century)
NAVE (12th century)

Building Materials

This field is an index of the building’s material composition

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Collapse Building MaterialsBuilding Materials
SANDSTONE (12th century )
SLATE (19th century)

Interior Image

Interior image of 607070 Warwick St Leonard
Caption:
Missing help text - to be added by an administrator
Interior image of 607070 Warwick St Leonard
Description:
Missing help text - to be added by an administrator
Photograph of the inside of the church, looking east.
Year / Date:
Missing help text - to be added by an administrator
September 2014
Copyright:
Missing help text - to be added by an administrator
Archbishops' Council
Originator:
Missing help text - to be added by an administrator
Catherine Townsend

Interior Description

This field aims to record a written description of the interior of the church building.

The W extension, of 1908, is Edwardian in character. Access to the building is through double oak-boarded doors in the S face. Inside, before another set of double doors, is an inscribed stone within the W wall which records the restoration of the chancel and nave in 1869 and the addition of the porch and belfry in 1908. The next set of doors has ogee-headed glazed panels with rectangular leaded panes. Carved into the woodwork over the lintel on either side are the words ‘Worship the Lord in the Beauty of Holiness’ and on the other side ‘I will also tell of thy greatness’. Directly across, to the N side, a pine and glazed partition contains basic kitchen facilities. In the W wall, forming a backdrop to the font, are 3 lights set beneath a single low arched opening.

A round Norman arch (c.1130), with simple roll mouldings and square, scalloped capitals, leads through from the pitched W end, to the nave. There are theories as to whether this was once the W tower arch or if it is a relocated chancel arch. The stone of the arch and window surrounds, a continuous stringcourse beneath the windows, and a continuous hoodmould over the windows, are all exposed. The remaining wall area has been plastered and painted white.

The small nave is ceiled by a 6-bay pine-boarded barrel-vault roof. The space has a level floor with pine pews to either side and carpet along the middle laid over grates. The floor is solid to the S, but boarded beneath pews to the N. Large redundant boilers occupy the NW and SW corners.

At the E end a pointed chancel arch, with roll mouldings and foliate capitals, divides the nave from the chancel which is raised by a single shallow step. Carved heads either side face the nave. Within it a pine-boarded barrel-vault is enhanced by decorative stencilled strips and painted ribs. Carpet continues up the centre of the aisle but encaustic red, black and yellow quarry tiles pave the space. Simple choir stalls to N and S. To the N side a pointed door with hoodmould leads into the N vestry, next to a pointed window. A double lancet window is set in the S wall.

The Sanctuary rises by 3 steps and geometric plain floor tiles are interspersed with decorative, encaustic (Minton ?) tiles. 3 lights set within the curved E wall have deep reveals contain small figurative panels.

Internal Fixtures and Fittings

This field is an index of the building’s internal, architectural components. This includes its internal spaces and those areas’ fixtures and fittings (building components which are securely fixed to the church or cathedral).

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Collapse Internal Fixtures and FittingsInternal Fixtures and Fittings
ALTAR (20th century)
BELL (1 of 1)
FONT (COMPONENT) (19th century)
LECTERN (19th century)
ORGAN (COMPONENT) (21st century)
PEW (COMPONENT) (20th century)
PLAQUE (COMPONENT) (19th century)
PULPIT (19th century)
STAINED GLASS (19th century)

Portable Furnishings and Artworks

This field is an index of the building’s movable, non-fixed furnishings and artworks.

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Collapse Portable Furnishings and ArtworksPortable Furnishings and Artworks
BOOK (17th / 18th century)

If you notice any errors with the below outlines of your connected churchyards, please email heritageonline@churchofengland.org with the corrections needed.

This could include information on new churchyards, edits to the boundaries shown, or different land characteristics. 

We are working on adding the consecrated land found within local authority cemeteries, and in time, this data will be shown on the map.

Grid Reference: NY 466 568

To zoom into an area hold the SHIFT key down then click and drag a rectangle.

Ecology

This field aims to record a description of the ecology of the churchyard and surrounding setting.

To come

Ecological Designations

Missing help text - to be added by an administrator

The everyday wildlife of burial grounds means much to those who visit and cherish them but many burial grounds are so rich in wildlife that they should be designated and specially protected. Few have the legal protection of a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) or, in the case of local authority owned cemeteries, Local Nature Reserve. This makes it even more important that they are cared for and protected by the people looking after them.

Many have a non-statutory designation as a recognition of their importance. These non-statutory designations have a variety of names in different regions including Local Wildlife Site, County Wildlife Site, Site of Importance for Nature Conservation or Site of Nature Conservation Importance (Local Wildlife Site is the most common name). Their selection is based on records of the most important, distinctive and threatened species and habitats within a national, regional and local context. This makes them some of our most valuable wildlife areas.

For example, many burial grounds which are designated as Local Wildlife Sites contain species-rich meadow, rich in wildflowers, native grasses and grassland fungi managed by only occasional mowing plus raking. When this is the case, many animals may be present too, insects, birds, amphibians, reptiles and mammals. This type of grassland was once widespread and has been almost entirely lost from the UK with approximately 3% remaining, so burial grounds with species-rich meadow managed in this way are extremely important for wildlife.

These designations should be considered when planning management or change.

If you think that this or any other burial ground should be designated please contact Caring for God’s Acre (info@cfga.org.uk) to discuss. Many eligible sites have not yet received a designation and can be surveyed and then submitted for consideration.

There are no SSSIs within the curtilage of this Closed Church.

There are no Local nature reserves within the curtilage of this Closed Church.

There are no Local Wildlife sites within the curtilage of this Closed Church.

Evidence of the Presence of Bats

This field aims to record any evidence of the presence of bats in the church building or churchyard.

The church has no evidence of bats

Burial and War Grave Information

This field records basic information about the presence of a churchyard and its use as a burial ground.

The church/building is consecrated.
Missing help text - to be added by an administrator
The churchyard has been used for burial.
Missing help text - to be added by an administrator
The churchyard is used for burial.
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The churchyard is not closed for burial.
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The churchyard has war graves.

National Heritage List for England Designations

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There are no Listed Buildings within the curtilage of this Closed Church.

There are no Scheduled Monuments within the curtilage of this Closed Church.

Ancient, Veteran & Notable Trees

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Churchyards are home to fantastic trees, in particular ancient and veteran trees which can be the oldest indication of a sacred space and be features of extraordinary individuality. The UK holds a globally important population of ancient and veteran yew trees of which three-quarters are found in the churchyards of England and Wales.

There are more than 1,000 ancient and veteran yews aged at least 500 years in these churchyards.

To put this in context, the only other part of western Europe with a known significant yew population is Normandy in northern France, where more than 100 ancient or veteran churchyard yews have been recorded.

Burial grounds may contain veteran and ancient trees of other species such as sweet chestnut or small-leaved lime which, whilst maybe not so old as the yews, are still important for wildlife and may be home to many other species.

Specialist advice is needed when managing these wonderful trees. For more information or to seek advice please contact Caring for God’s Acre, The Ancient Yew Group and The Woodland Trust.

If you know of an ancient or veteran tree in a burial ground that is not listed here please contact Caring for God’s Acre.

There are currently no Ancient, Veteran or Notable trees connected to this Closed Church

Churchyard Structures

This field is an index of the churchyard’s components.

Work in progress - can you help?

Significance

Setting Significance Level:

Significance is the whole set of reasons why people value a church, whether as a place for worship and mission, as an historic building that is part of the national heritage, as a focus for the local community, as a familiar landmark or for any other reasons.

High
Setting Significance Description:
Missing help text - to be added by an administrator
Adjacent church hall (settlement in vicinity of church) Fine landscape setting
Fabric Significance Level:
Missing help text - to be added by an administrator
High
Fabric Significance Description:
Missing help text - to be added by an administrator
The church is of high historic and archaeological significance given the presence of a place of worship here since the 12th century.
Interior Significance Level:
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Low
Interior Significance Description:
Missing help text - to be added by an administrator
The contents are of low to moderate significance - mostly of a local historic interest. Good spatial relationships' spiritual space with sense of history
Community Significance Level:
Missing help text - to be added by an administrator
Work in progress - can you help?
Community Significance Description:
Missing help text - to be added by an administrator
Work in progress - can you help?

Church Renewables

Missing help text - to be added by an administrator
Open the map of church renewable installations
Solar PV Panels:

This information forms part of the Shrinking the Footprint project.

No
Solar Thermal Panels:
Missing help text - to be added by an administrator
No
Bio Mass:
Missing help text - to be added by an administrator
No
Air Source Heat Pump:
Missing help text - to be added by an administrator
No
Ground Source Heat Pump:
Missing help text - to be added by an administrator
No
Wind Turbine:
Missing help text - to be added by an administrator
No
EV Car Charging:
Missing help text - to be added by an administrator
Unknown

Species Summary

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All of the species listed below have been recorded in close proximity to the Closed Church . A few species which are particularly threatened and affected by disturbance may not be listed here because their exact location cannot be shared.

NOTE: Be aware that this dataset is growing, and the species totals may change once the National Biodiversity Network has added further records. Species may be present but not recorded and still await discovery.

CategoryTotal species recorded to date
TOTAL NUMBER OF SPECIES RECORDED 31
Total number of animal species 1
Total number of plant species 30
Total number of mammal species 1
Total number of birds 0
Total number of amphibian and reptile species 0
Total number of invertebrate species 0
Total number of fungi species 0
Total number of mosses and liverworts (bryophytes) 0
Total number of ferns 1
Total number of flowering plants 28
Total number of Gymnosperm and Ginkgo 1

Caring for God’s Acre is a conservation charity working to support groups and individuals to investigate, care for, and enjoy the wildlife and heritage treasures found within churchyards and other burial grounds. Look on their website for information and advice and please contact their staff directly. They can help you manage this churchyard for people and wildlife.

To learn more about all of the species recorded against this church, go to the Burial Ground Portal within the NBN Atlas. You can check the spread of records through the years, discovering what has been recorded and when, plus what discoveries might remain to be uncovered.

‘Seek Advice’ Species

Missing help text - to be added by an administrator

If any of the following species have been seen close to the Closed Church, it is important to seek advice from an expert. You will need to know if they are present now, and to follow expert recommendations when planning works. All of these species have specific legal protection as a recognition of their rarity. All of them are rare or becoming increasingly endangered, so it is important to ensure that management and other works do not adversely affect them. In addition, there may be things you can do to help these special species. N.B. Swift and House Martin do not have specific legal protection but are included, as roof repair works often impact breeding swifts and house martins which is against the law.

This is not a complete list of protected species, there are many more, but these are ones that are more likely to be found. All wild birds, their nests and eggs are also protected by law, as are all bats and veteran trees. In a few cases, species are considered particularly prone to disturbance or destruction by people, so the exact location of where they were recorded is not publicly available but can be requested. These ‘blurred’ records are included here, and the accuracy is to 1km. This means that the species has been recorded in close proximity to the Closed Church, or a maximum of 1km away from it. As these ‘blurred’ species are quite mobile, there is a strong likelihood that they can occur close to the Closed Church. To learn about these special species, use the link provided for each species in the table below

One important species which is not included here is the Peregrine Falcon. This is protected and advice should be sought if peregrines are nesting on a church or cathedral. Peregrine records are ‘blurred’ to 10km, hence the decision not to include records here. Remember too that species not seriously threatened nationally may still be at risk in your region and be sensitive to works. You should check with local experts about this. You may also need to seek advice about invasive species, such as Japanese knotweed and aquatics colonising streams or pools, which can spread in churchyards.

N.B. If a species is not recorded this does not indicate absence. It is always good practice to survey.

No species data found for this record

Caring for God’s Acre can help and support you in looking after the biodiversity present in this special place. If you know that any of these species occur close to the Closed Church and are not recorded here, please contact Caring for God’s Acre with details (info@cfga.org.uk).

To find out more about these and other species recorded against this Closed Church, go to the Burial Ground Portal within the NBN Atlas.

The church was the centre of many people’s lives and remains a guide to their cares and concerns. Glimpses into those lives have often come down to us in the stories we heard as children or old photographs discovered in tattered shoe boxes. Perhaps your ancestors even made it into local legend following some fantastic event? You can choose to share those memories with others and record them for future generations on this Forum.

Tell us the story of this building through the lives of those who experienced it. Tell us why this church is important to you and your community.

Upload your photographs, share your videos, or compose your story below using a Facebook, Twitter, Google or Disqus account.

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WhoActionWhen
Rosaleen LaneModified asset data - Modified the Location and Setting DescriptionThu 08 Oct 2020 14:55:17
Rosaleen LaneModified asset dataMon 16 Mar 2020 15:55:02
Rosaleen LaneModified asset data - Modified the Visiting and Facilities informationThu 20 Feb 2020 16:09:15
Rosaleen LaneModified asset data - Modified the Significance descriptionThu 20 Feb 2020 16:08:45
Rosaleen LaneModified asset data - Modified the Visiting and Facilities informationThu 20 Feb 2020 16:07:35
Rosaleen LaneModified asset data - Modified the Summary DescriptionThu 20 Feb 2020 16:07:29
Rosaleen LaneModified asset data - Modified the Burial and War Grave informationThu 20 Feb 2020 16:06:27
Rosaleen LaneModified asset data - Modified the Significance descriptionThu 20 Feb 2020 16:06:11
Rosaleen LaneModified asset data - Modified the Significance descriptionThu 20 Feb 2020 16:05:40
Rosaleen LaneModified asset data - Modified the Location and Setting DescriptionThu 20 Feb 2020 16:05:24
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